Portsmouth Housing Action Plan

A comprehensive, accountability-driven roadmap to address Portsmouth's housing crisis through measurable actions and real results

📌 Version: Loading... (If you don't see this version, hard refresh: Ctrl+Shift+R or Cmd+Shift+R)

Quick overview for City staff, Councilors, and interested residents

Portsmouth's Housing Crisis: The Case for Action

The problem is known. The tools exist. What's missing is execution.

The problem is known. The tools exist. What's missing is execution.

This Housing Action Plan is an implementation framework with clear owners, timelines, and measurable outcomes—using resources Portsmouth already has. It's designed to support City Council decisions about next steps.

$1,900
Studio Median Rent
Requires $76K/year income
February 2026
$825K
Median Home Price
Homeownership out of reach
February 2026
$106K
Median Household Income
Can barely afford 1BR
20+
Miles to Afford Housing
Workers priced out

The Affordability Gap

👨‍🏫 Teacher (Starting) $65,000/year
Affordable: $1,625/mo
Gap: $275
Studio: $1,900/mo
👩‍⚕️ Nurse (RN) $85,000/year
Affordable: $2,125/mo
Gap: $575
1BR: $2,700/mo
🚒 Firefighter $73,000/year
Affordable: $1,825/mo
Gap: $75
Studio: $1,900/mo
☕ Service Worker $40,000/year
Affordable: $1,000/mo
Gap: $900
Studio: $1,900/mo

Essential workers who make Portsmouth function cannot afford to live here.

What Makes This Housing Action Plan Different?

Clear Ownership

Every action has a designated department lead

📅

Real Deadlines

Quarterly milestones with public tracking

📊

Measurable Outcomes

Progress dashboard shows results, not promises

💰

Existing Resources

Uses Housing Trust Fund and current staff capacity

🏘️

Portsmouth Already Knows How to Do This

Ruth Griffin Place—64 units of permanently affordable housing serving teachers, healthcare workers, and service workers—proves that when Portsmouth supports affordable housing with tax exemptions and smart policy, large-scale affordability becomes operational reality, not theory.

Why Housing Is Economic Development

🏥

Affects Health

Housing instability increases stress, reduces healthcare access, and worsens chronic conditions. Long commutes decrease sleep and civic engagement.

📈

Enables Growth

Housing shortages reduce regional productivity, limit labor market dynamism, and exacerbate inequality. Workers need to live near jobs.

⚖️

Requires Balance

Increased supply with tenant protections produces better outcomes than either alone. Protections prevent displacement from new development.

Who Gets Priced Out

Ten Portsmouth households show the arithmetic of the housing crisis

Housing shouldn't cost more than 30% of gross income. In Portsmouth, that doesn't work for teachers, nurses, firefighters, or service workers. These ten scenarios show who gets priced out and by how much.

Navigate Scenarios

Click any scenario to jump directly to it

Real Portsmouth Workers vs. Portsmouth Rents

New Elementary School Teacher
Single, Portsmouth School District | Needs: Studio or 1BR
Annual Salary
$65,000
Can Afford (30%)
$1,625
per month
Studio Median
$1,900
per month
1BR Median
$2,700
per month
A new teacher cannot afford even a studio apartment.
Studio shortfall: $525/month ($6,300/year) | 1BR shortfall: $1,025/month ($12,300/year)
Would need to spend 40% for studio or 49% for 1BR
Full-Time Restaurant Worker
Server/bartender, downtown Portsmouth | Needs: Studio
Annual Income
$48,000
Can Afford (30%)
$1,200
per month
Studio Median
$1,900
per month
Service workers cannot afford anything alone.
Shortfall: $950/month ($11,400/year) — Would need to spend 54% of income for a studio
Teacher + Service Worker Couple
Planning to start a family | Needs: 2BR
Combined Income
$107,000
Can Afford (30%)
$2,675
per month
2BR Median
$3,350
per month
A teacher + service worker cannot afford a 2-bedroom.
Shortfall: $375/month ($4,500/year) — Would need to spend 34% of combined income
Young Family with One Child
Teacher + part-time retail worker, one child | Needs: 2BR
Combined Income
$90,000
Can Afford (30%)
$2,250
per month
2BR Median
$3,350
per month
Shortfall: $800/month ($9,600/year) — Would need to spend 41% of combined income to house their family
Healthcare Aide (CNA)
Portsmouth Regional Hospital, shift work | Needs: Studio
Annual Income
$44,000
Can Afford (30%)
$1,100
per month
Studio Median
$1,900
per month
Shortfall: $1,050/month ($12,600/year) — Would need to spend 59% of income for a studio
Retired Senior
Social Security + small pension | Needs: 1BR
Annual Income
$34,000
Can Afford (30%)
$850
per month
1BR Median
$2,700
per month
Senior renters are priced out entirely.
Shortfall: $1,800/month ($21,600/year) — Would need to spend 94% of income for a 1-bedroom
City Worker Family
DPW worker + retail spouse, two children | Needs: 3BR
Household Income
$93,000
Can Afford (30%)
$2,325
per month
3BR Median
$3,900
per month
Shortfall: $1,525/month ($18,300/year) — Would need to spend 50% of household income to house their family
Single Parent
Retail worker, one child | Needs: 2BR
Annual Income
$38,000
Can Afford (30%)
$950
per month
2BR Median
$3,350
per month
Shortfall: $2,100/month ($25,200/year) — Would need to spend 96% of income to house themselves and their child

The Solution: A Comprehensive Action Matrix

Comprehensive framework of 122 Portsmouth-relevant housing actions compiled from proven strategies

📋

Portsmouth Housing Action Matrix: 122 Compiled Actions

Below is a comprehensive action matrix containing 122 Portsmouth-relevant housing actions compiled from multiple sources: community input (Places to Live Dialogue 2024), Planning Board member recommendations (Bill Bowen), Housing Committee work plans, consultant studies (RKG Associates 2022, HOP 2.0), state-level mandates (HB 577, SB 284), and proven strategies from comparable New Hampshire communities (Keene, Salem) and regional examples (South Portland ME, Burien WA).

This is not a prescriptive mandate—it's a comprehensive menu of evidence-based strategies. The actual Housing Action Plan would be developed through formal community engagement, Planning Board review, staff input, and City Council adoption. This framework demonstrates the breadth of tools available and the structure needed for accountability: clear owners, realistic timelines, and measurable outcomes.

32

Zoning & Land Use

ADUs, missing middle, density bonuses, conversions

19

Incentives & Financial Tools

Tax relief, fee waivers, gap financing, LIHTC

11

Preservation & Anti-Displacement

NOAH tracking, tenant protections, code enforcement

10

Permitting & Process

Streamlining, review coordination, fee structure

9

Education & Outreach

Public engagement, data dashboards, fair housing

9

Partnerships & Capacity

Employer engagement, nonprofit developers, regional coalition

9

Production Targets & Data

GIS inventory, gap analysis, housing dashboard

6

Public Land & Property

Sherburne redevelopment, public land inventory, RFPs

6

Special Populations

Seniors, veterans, students, transitional housing

5

Infrastructure & Services

Water/sewer, transit, school capacity, parking

3

Climate & Sustainability

Resiliency, energy efficiency, flood adaptation

3

Housing Trust Fund & Funding

Governance, funding sources, gap financing deployment

FRAMEWORK FORMAT: This matrix uses the action-oriented format pioneered by Utile's Housing Production Master Plan for Salem, New Hampshire. However, the content is entirely Portsmouth-specific—compiled from local sources, adapted to Portsmouth's zoning/planning context, and reflecting Portsmouth's unique challenges and opportunities. The Salem framework demonstrated that implementation plans work best with clear structure: specific actions, assigned ownership, realistic timelines, and measurable outcomes.

🔍 Filter Actions

Showing 122 of 122 actions

📊 Choose Your View

Explore Portsmouth's comprehensive housing action framework in (Table View) with full details on each of 122 actions, or use (Dashboard View) to track implementation progress by category.

📋 COMPREHENSIVE FRAMEWORK: Portsmouth-Compiled Actions

This table contains 122 Portsmouth-relevant housing actions compiled from community input, Planning Board recommendations, Housing Committee work plans, consultant studies, state mandates, and proven strategies from comparable communities. These actions demonstrate the comprehensive scope and structure of an implementation-ready Housing Action Plan.

122 Actions Across 12 Categories

Note: The tables below show a representative selection of high-priority actions from each category. To explore the complete list of all 122 Portsmouth-compiled housing actions with interactive filtering, visit: Full Action Matrix →

Zoning and Land Use Reforms 15 Actions Total
Action Item Priority Cost Lead Deadline
Rezone outdated districts - Phase 1: Analysis
Complete analysis of obsolete Office/Research and General Business zones. Identify specific parcels for rezoning to mixed-use Gateway or similar zoning.
High $ Planning Dept Q4 2026
Rezone outdated districts - Phase 2: Adoption
Public engagement, Planning Board and City Council review. Final adoption of new zoning for identified parcels.
High $ Planning Board Q1 2027
ADU ordinance - Phase 1: Enhancement
Remove owner-occupancy requirements. Simplify design standards. Allow detached ADUs in all residential zones.
High $ Planning Dept Q1 2027
ADU ordinance - Phase 2: Promotion
Launch public education campaign. Create ADU Navigator program. Develop pre-approved plan library.
High $$ Planning Dept Q2 2027
Residential conversion ordinance
Adopt ordinance permitting commercial-to-residential conversions in Mixed Use and Gateway zones.
Medium $ Planning Board Q3 2027
Parking requirement reform - Study
Comprehensive parking study for downtown and mixed-use zones. Evaluate current minimums vs. actual demand.
Medium $$ Planning Dept Q4 2027
+ 9 additional zoning actions (parking reform implementation, missing middle housing, co-living units, density bonuses, height limits, lot size modernization, cottage housing, etc.)
Permitting Process & Policy Improvements 9 Actions Total
Action Item Priority Cost Lead Deadline
Streamline site plan review for housing
Establish expedited review track. Set 45-day timeline for minor projects, 90 days for major.
High $ Planning Board Q3 2027
Administrative approval for ADUs
Allow Planning Director administrative approval for ADUs meeting standards. 30-day review maximum.
High $ Planning Dept Q2 2027
Online permitting portal enhancement
Improve digital permit system. Enable status tracking, automated checks, online payment.
Medium $$ IT Dept Q4 2027
Interdepartmental review coordination
Create concurrent review where Planning, Fire, Building, DPW review simultaneously.
High $ City Manager Q1 2027
+ 5 additional permitting actions (design guideline clarity, pre-application meetings, variance streamlining, fee structure review, staff training)
Incentives for Infill & Development 6 Actions Total
Action Item Priority Cost Lead Deadline
ADU tax incentive program
Establish 5-year property tax exemption for new ADU construction value. Set affordability requirements for maximum benefit.
High $$ City Council Q2 2027
Affordable housing fee waivers
Waive building permit fees, impact fees, planning review fees for projects with 25%+ affordable units.
High $$ City Council Q1 2027
Expedited review for workforce housing
Priority queue for projects targeting 80-120% AMI. 30-day turnaround guarantee for complete applications.
Medium $ Planning Dept Q3 2027
+ 3 additional incentive actions (density bonus enhancements, TIF district expansion, infill development grants)
Housing Partnerships and Funding Strategies 12 Actions Total
Action Item Priority Cost Lead Deadline
Housing Trust Fund - Phase 1: Criteria
Establish clear criteria for deployment. Identify pipeline of affordable housing projects needing gap financing.
High $ Trustees Q4 2026
Housing Trust Fund - Phase 2: Deployment
Deploy resources for gap financing, property acquisition, predevelopment costs. Award first projects.
High $$$ Trustees Q2 2027
Sherburne School - Phase 1: Permitting
Expedite all remaining approvals for PHA's 127-unit Sherburne School redevelopment.
High $ Planning Board Q2 2027
Sherburne School - Phase 2: Infrastructure
Coordinate city infrastructure improvements (water, sewer, streets) to support development.
High $$ Public Works Q4 2027
Public land inventory - Assessment
Conduct comprehensive inventory of city-owned land and under-utilized facilities. Assess housing suitability.
Medium $ Planning Dept Q4 2026
Employer housing partnerships
Initiate employer roundtable with major employers. Present workforce housing challenges and partnership opportunities.
Medium $ Economic Dev Q2 2027
+ 6 additional partnership actions (public land RFPs, employer partnership development, first-time homebuyer expansion, renter assistance programs, nonprofit partnerships, regional coalition)

Cost Legend

$ = Low cost (primarily staff time, minimal direct expenses)

$$ = Medium cost (new staff position, programs, or moderate capital)

$$$ = High cost (significant capital investment, major infrastructure, or substantial program funding)

Protecting Residents & Ensuring Fair Access

How Portsmouth prevents displacement and creates opportunity for all

🏘️

Case Study: Ruth Griffin Place

How policy becomes a home

Ruth Griffin Place is a textbook example of how Portsmouth can leverage public-private partnerships to create affordable housing at scale. This isn't theory—it's operational reality.

📊 The Numbers

  • 64 units of permanently affordable housing
  • Serves households earning 30%–60% of Area Median Income
  • Directly addresses the teachers, healthcare workers, and service workers in Section 2's analysis

🔧 The Blueprint

  • Portsmouth Housing Authority development
  • City support through tax exemptions and fee waivers
  • State and federal housing program funding
  • Proof that large-scale affordability is feasible, not theoretical

🎯 The Lesson

  • When the city aligns policy tools, affordability happens
  • Partnership unlocks what government alone cannot build
  • This project demonstrates what the full Housing Action Plan can replicate

Ruth Griffin Place proves that Portsmouth knows how to do this. The Housing Action Plan provides the framework to do it systematically, at the scale the crisis demands.

🏢

Co-Living: Market-Responsive Innovation

~80 units in downtown pipeline

💡 The Concept

Small pods (~10 units) sharing common living/kitchen space. Each resident has private sleeping and working areas. Recently approved in Portsmouth zoning code.

👥 Who It Serves

Service workers, contract workers, traveling nurses, recently singled adults, seniors seeking community. People who want Portsmouth proximity without typical apartment costs.

💰 The Value

~$1,700/month with utilities included. That's $450+ cheaper than a studio apartment, making Portsmouth accessible to workers currently priced out.

Co-living represents the kind of innovative, market-responsive housing Portsmouth needs—providing quality options for workers at price points they can actually afford.

Three Critical Policy Dimensions

🏘️
Anti-Displacement

Keep long-term residents in their neighborhoods as Portsmouth grows:

  • Community Land Trusts for permanent affordability
  • Tenant right to purchase when properties sell
  • Condo conversion restrictions
  • Senior property tax relief expansion
  • Displacement monitoring and tracking
⚖️
Equity & Inclusion

Address historical inequities and ensure benefits reach all:

  • Source-of-income discrimination protections
  • Fair credit/background check standards
  • ADU equity fund for low-income homeowners
  • Universal design & accessibility standards
  • Multi-language housing resources
🌱
Environmental Resilience

New housing should advance Portsmouth's climate goals:

  • Energy efficiency standards (stretch code)
  • Green infrastructure & stormwater management
  • Transit-oriented density near bus routes
  • Climate adaptation & flood resilience
  • EV charging & electrification readiness
💬

Meaningful Community Engagement

Housing policy succeeds when residents are genuine partners, not just recipients of top-down decisions. Portsmouth needs:

  • Early and ongoing public input on policy development
  • Representative voices (renters, seniors, families, diverse communities)
  • Accessible forums at varied times and locations
  • Plain-language materials explaining proposals
  • Responsiveness showing how input shaped policies
  • Ongoing monitoring and adjustment after implementation

Portsmouth Gentle Density Fiscal Impact

How housing production builds fiscal resilience in an era of shrinking state support

⚠️

Why Fiscal Resilience Matters Now

Portsmouth faces an unprecedented state funding crisis. The State has denied the city the right to levy a simple "pillow tax" on hotel rooms that would allow local control over tourism-generated revenue. Meanwhile, Portsmouth sends tens of millions of dollars in Rooms and Meals tax revenue to the State every year and receives only a small fraction back in revenue sharing.

Housing policy IS fiscal infrastructure. By implementing gentle density in zones previously limited to single-family homes, Portsmouth can grow the tax base considerably over time without harming neighborhood character. This enables Portsmouth to stabilize property taxes while maintaining current service levels—regardless of what the State does.

📊 Interactive fiscal calculator below — model the tax revenue impact of different housing production scenarios

📊 Active City Housing Program

This model estimates the fiscal impact of city-driven outreach, incentivization, and technical assistance to generate additional ADUs and residential conversions beyond what would occur naturally. Through targeted homeowner engagement, streamlined permitting, potential fee waivers, and hands-on support from the Housing Navigator, Portsmouth can actively catalyze gentle density development rather than waiting passively for applications.

These units use existing infrastructure and generate property tax revenue with minimal added municipal cost. The chart below shows how assessed value and tax revenue compound over ten years, compared to modest service costs.

All results reflect incremental units beyond Portsmouth's existing baseline, driven by active municipal initiatives.

10
1
Range: $400–$1,200

Adds $4,000/unit/year (~0.22 students/unit at $18K/student). ADUs typically generate 0.05-0.1 students per unit (essentially zero) based on AARP research showing they predominantly house singles, couples, or elderly relatives. This toggle tests a conservative worst-case scenario.

Net Fiscal Impact (10 Years)
+$3.5M
✓ Revenue Exceeds Costs by $3.5 Million
This is a net positive fiscal outcome for Portsmouth's budget
Revenue (10 yrs)
$3.9M
Costs (10 yrs)
$363K
Net Impact (10 yrs)
+$3.5M
Year 10 Annual Revenue
$669K
Growing tax base per year

Gentle density is not just a housing solution—it's a fiscal efficiency tool that happens to add housing.

Making It Happen: The Housing Navigator

Turning policy into homes for Portsmouth's working families and renters

🏘️

Portsmouth's Housing Crisis: Half the City Rents

Nearly half of Portsmouth residents are renters. Firefighters, teachers, nurses, catering workers, retail employees, and service workers—the people who make this city function—are being priced out. Studios cost $1,900/month, 1-bedrooms $2,700, 2-bedrooms $3,350. A firefighter earning $73K cannot afford a studio apartment at market rate.

The Housing Navigator position must be appointed to solve this crisis.

Portsmouth's Navigator history: Howard Snyder served as Portsmouth's first Housing Navigator for one year in 2024, funded by a state grant. Since the grant ended, the position has remained vacant. This plan proposes using the Housing Trust Fund to reestablish and sustain the Navigator role.

💵 Cost calculator below — model the program investment needed to hire and support a Housing Navigator

What the Housing Navigator Does

🏗️ Active Housing Production

Proactive outreach to homeowners about ADU opportunities, guiding them through permitting, connecting them with contractors, and shepherding projects from concept to certificate of occupancy. Targets 10 ADUs per year.

🤝 Developer Coordination

Single point of contact for housing developers navigating Portsmouth's permitting process. Coordinates Planning, Fire, DPW, and Building departments to reduce approval timelines and get units built faster.

📊 Progress Tracking

Maintains real-time dashboard showing housing pipeline: applications submitted, permits approved, units under construction, completions. Provides City Council with quarterly reports on progress toward housing goals.

Conservative goal: Over 10 years, the Navigator facilitates 100+ new housing units—ADUs, conversions, small multifamily projects. These are homes for working Portsmouth residents currently priced out of the market. Each unit reduces the affordability gap for renters.

🏛️

Funding Source: Portsmouth's Housing Fund

Portsmouth's Housing Fund represents a public-private partnership with equal contributions from the City and Redgate/Kane developers. This $500,000 resource is specifically designated for housing initiatives. Using it to hire a Housing Navigator is precisely aligned with the fund's purpose: turning housing policy into actual homes for Portsmouth residents.

Program Cost Calculator

Adjust the assumptions below to see how different staffing and support levels affect the implementation cost and remaining Housing Fund balance.

$105,000
24 months
$20,000
$25,000

Program Cost Breakdown

Two-year program investment (FY2027-2028)

Housing Navigator Position
Intern & Fellow Support
UNH partnerships, data analysis (24 months)
$40,000
Systems & Dashboard Tools
One-time setup: tracking software, GIS licenses, website development
$25,000
TOTAL TWO-YEAR PROGRAM COST
Strategic investment from Housing Trust Fund
$275,000

Housing Fund Impact

Total Program Cost
$275,000
Strategic investment
Remaining Housing Fund
$225,000
45% of fund preserved
Housing Fund Allocation ($500,000 Available)
55% Used
Program Investment: $275,000
Remaining for Other Initiatives: $225,000

Why This Investment Works for Portsmouth

Homes for Working Families

Every unit facilitated by the Navigator is a home for someone who works in Portsmouth. ADUs provide affordable rentals for service workers. Conversions create 1-bedrooms for teachers and nurses. This directly addresses the crisis facing the half of Portsmouth that rents.

Faster, Easier Process

The Navigator cuts red tape by coordinating Planning, Fire, and DPW departments. Single point of contact means homeowners and developers get clear guidance, faster approvals, and fewer delays. Housing gets built instead of stuck in process.

Also Fiscally Smart

Beyond the human benefit, each new unit generates property tax revenue. Conservative estimate: 100 units over 10 years = $3.5M net fiscal impact (Section 4). The program pays for itself nearly 13x over while solving the housing crisis.

Data-Driven Planning

GIS analysis, policy benchmarking, and metrics maintained by UNH interns and fellows. Cost-effective expertise supporting evidence-based decisions.

Resident Support

Help navigating ADU permitting, conversions, and affordable housing programs. Makes housing opportunities accessible to Portsmouth residents.

Time-Limited Risk

No permanent staff expansion. Evaluate effectiveness after 18-24 months and adjust. If it works, continue. If not, course-correct. Low-risk pilot approach.

The Bottom Line: Investment, Not Expense

Portsmouth has $500,000 in Housing Fund resources (equal contributions from the City and Redgate/Kane developers). A focused, time-limited Housing Action Plan implementation can be fully funded for less than 60% of the fund balance.

This isn't spending—it's infrastructure investment. The $275,000 program cost enables housing production that generates $3.5 million in net fiscal impact over ten years. That's a 13:1 return on investment.

The city doesn't need a large new bureaucracy. It needs one dedicated coordinator, smart use of student talent, and a commitment to operational accountability. The resources exist. The tools exist. The fiscal case is overwhelming.

The question before the City Manager and City Council is not capacity. It is priority.